INTRO: The Great Seal of the United States is a powerful emblem that encapsulates the nation’s identity, values, and history. Officially adopted in 1782, the seal has become synonymous with American independence and governance. Below are ten fascinating facts about this iconic symbol that illustrate its significance and the philosophy behind its design.
The Great Seal of the United States Was Adopted in 1782
The Great Seal was officially adopted by the Continental Congress on June 20, 1782, after years of deliberation and design proposals. This action came at a pivotal time in American history, just a few years after the Declaration of Independence and during the early establishment of the United States as a sovereign nation. The seal was intended to represent the unity and strength of the new country and served as a mark for authenticating documents, further solidifying its importance in American governance.
Designed by Charles Thomson, It Features Iconic Symbols
Charles Thomson, the secretary of the Continental Congress, played a crucial role in designing the Great Seal. He collaborated with artists and utilized a variety of symbolic elements to convey the values of the new nation. The design process involved several iterations, as Thomson sought to incorporate symbols that resonated with the ideals of liberty, justice, and strength. The final design reflects a blend of classical and contemporary American iconography, creating a unique heraldic emblem.
The Bald Eagle Represents Freedom and American Strength
At the center of the Great Seal is the bald eagle, a majestic bird that symbolizes freedom and resilience. Chosen for its association with strength and independence, the bald eagle has become an enduring symbol of the United States. This bird is depicted with its wings outstretched, suggesting readiness for action and defense, while also embodying the nation’s aspirations for peace and unity. Its prominence in the seal underscores America’s commitment to liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
The Seal Includes a Shield with 13 Stripes and Stars
The shield featured on the Great Seal has 13 stripes, representing the original thirteen colonies that declared independence from British rule. These stripes evoke a sense of unity and collaboration among the states. Above the shield, there are 13 stars arranged in a constellation, symbolizing the new nation’s aspiration to create a unified front against tyranny. Together, these elements reflect the foundational principles of American democracy and the importance of states’ rights within a collective framework.
Olive Branch and Arrows Symbolize Peace and War Readiness
Flanking the eagle are two powerful symbols: an olive branch and a bundle of arrows. The olive branch represents a desire for peace, signifying the nation’s commitment to diplomacy and harmonious relations. Conversely, the arrows denote readiness for conflict and defense, illustrating the balance between the pursuit of peace and the necessity of being prepared for war if provoked. This duality captures the complexities of governance in a nation that values both peace and security.
The Latin Motto "E Pluribus Unum" Means "Out of Many, One"
Prominently displayed on the Great Seal is the Latin motto "E Pluribus Unum," which translates to "Out of Many, One." This phrase encapsulates the American ethos of a diverse society coming together to form a single nation. Initially adopted as a symbol of the union of the states, the motto speaks to the multicultural and pluralistic ideals that define the United States. It serves as a reminder of the country’s strength derived from its diversity.
The Great Seal Appears on U.S. Currency and Official Documents
The Great Seal is not merely a ceremonial emblem; it holds practical significance as well. It appears on U.S. currency, including the one-dollar bill, and is utilized on official documents, such as treaties and proclamations. Its presence on currency underscores the seal’s importance in American commerce and government. The application of the seal signifies authenticity and authority, ensuring that documents and currency are recognized as legitimate.
It Has a Unique Reverse Side, Often Overlooked by Many
While the obverse side of the Great Seal is widely recognized, its reverse is often overlooked. The reverse features a pyramid with an eye in a triangle, encircled by the words "Annuit Coeptis" and "Novus Ordo Seclorum." The pyramid symbolizes strength and endurance, while the all-seeing eye represents divine providence. These elements reflect the founders’ belief in a higher guidance for the nation’s endeavors, providing a deeper layer of meaning to the seal.
The Seal Is Used in Presidential Messages and Treaties
The Great Seal plays a vital role in the formal processes of the U.S. government. It is used to authenticate presidential messages, executive orders, and treaties, signifying their legitimacy and binding nature. When the seal is affixed to a document, it serves as a representation of the authority of the office of the President, underpinning the importance of the seal in the broader framework of American governance and diplomacy.
A Special Committee Oversees Modifications and Usage Guidelines
The design and usage of the Great Seal are regulated by a special committee within the U.S. government, ensuring that its integrity is maintained over time. The committee, composed of members from various governmental branches, is responsible for overseeing any modifications and providing guidelines for the seal’s appropriate use. This oversight is crucial in preserving the seal’s symbolism and significance as a representation of the United States.
OUTRO: The Great Seal of the United States is more than just a symbol; it is a representation of the nation’s values, history, and identity. Each element of the seal conveys profound meanings that reflect the ideals of democracy, unity, and strength. Understanding these facts not only enhances appreciation for this emblem but also deepens our connection to the principles upon which the United States was founded.